The medicinal uses of some ferns and pteridophytes of india have also been described in some of the recent studies caius, 1935. It is the remains of these giant pteridophytes that would over eons become the fossil fuels we use today. Pteridophytes is first in our country and i am sure, participants have grabbed the ideas from the seminar. Spore morphology has been applied for species delimitation, especially for ferns with similar leaf morphologies, such as pteris decrescens. Read the introductory remarks and list of characteristics of the bryophytes p. We have new and used copies available, in 7 editions. In all pteridophytes the dominant plant is the sporophyte brown below with the gametophyte blue below shortlived. Pteridophyta teridafata os made from two greek roots that mean winged pteryz. They dont have conducting tissues for transportation of water and minerals. The best of the compendium on medicinal uses of 61 different ferns and fernallies of western ghats has been prepared by benjamin and manickam, 2007. Sharma 2000 reported the ethnobotanical uses of ferns from rajasthan, india. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. This author lists a total of 671 references, but only one work had been carried out in brazil miraglia et al.
Occurrence and evolution of pteridophytes biology boom. Some pteridophytes are aquatic and some are epiphytes. Most pteridophytes are terrestrial plants and thrive well in abundant moisture and shade while some flourish well in open, dry situations especially in xeric conditions. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. If you are generating a pdf of a journal article or book chapter, please feel free. With the commencement of monsoon about mid june, the ferns and fernallies start growing vigourously and luxuriantly. Atkinson lr, stokey ag 1964 comparative morphology of the gametophyte of the. Recent morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that. Pteridophytes constitute a significant and important group in the plant kingdom.
Unlike the ferns, which are a highly successful, flourishing group, the fern allies as we call the other pteridophytes are virtually living fossils. Pteridophyta mcq multiple choice question and answer pteridophyta mcq with detailed explanation for interview, entrance and competitive exams. Pdf an updated checklist of pteridophytes of district. Some pteridophytes of medicinal importance from rajasthan. In this lesson, well discover the characteristics, classification, and life cycle of the group pteridophyta, which includes plant species like ferns and horsetails. Pteridophyte definition of pteridophyte by the free. The biodiversity heritage library works collaboratively to make biodiversity literature openly available to the world as part of a global biodiversity community. The pteridophytes were not necessarily the first vascular land plants see. The structure of ferns and allied plants by k r sporne online at alibris. In the present article an attempt has been made to compile the pharmacological, clinical and medicinal uses of some common pteridophytes available in rajasthan.
Instead, the water and minerals flow from the surface of the plant cell to cell in the plants body. Fronds in the largest species of ferns can reach some six metres in length. They are psilopsida, psilotopsida, lycopsida, sphenopsida, pteropsida and progymnospermopsida. Pteridophytes general characters and life cycle of ferns email. Clubmoss, horsetail and fern trees dominated earths land vegitation for more than 100 million years. Ethnomedicinal uses of pteridophytes of vindhyan region. Download book pdf pteridophytes and gymnosperms pp 1415 cite as.
The pteridophytes are an economically important group of plants. The seminar feedback was positive and that made me more confident to be strong mind set. A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that disperses spores. Ethnobotanical studies of 40 pteridophytes species by uddin et al. Sumita, assistant professor, department of botany, pggc11, chandigarh. Under ordinary circumstances, the chances may l6 the morphology of pteridophytes be quite small that the particular microspore will have come from. Extant pteridophytes are cosmopolitan but are much better represented in the humid tropics, with only a few families e. Download pdf download all download jpeg 2000 download text the morphology of pteridophytes. An updated checklist of pteridophytes of district mansehra, khyber pukhtunkhwapakistan article pdf available in plant science today 32. As they produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are referred to as cryptogams. Pteridophytes general characters ppt general characteristics, life cycle and reproduction of pteridophytes ppt what are pteridophytes.
Some of the characters of pteridophytes are as follows. Sporophyte morphology and gametophyte development of the fern blechnum sprucei pteridophyta. The sporophyte is the conspicuous and familiar plant body. Ferns are the most diverse group of vascular plants after seed plants. Phytochemical studies in pteridophytes growing in brazil. Ferns, horsetails often treated as ferns, and lycophytes clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts are all pteridophytes. The pteridophytes ferns and fern allies pteridophytes are vascular plants and have leaves known as fronds, roots and sometimes true stems, and tree ferns have full trunks. Useful notes on the classification of pteridophytes. But trust me the first thing that you notice is the abundant foliage of fern plants. A group of closely related species is called genus. Occurrence and evolution of pteridophytes with its origin and economic importance in pteridophyta is a group of ancient plants.
The evolution, morphology, and development of fern leaves frontiers. They also studied the use of pteridophytes as a vegetable and herbal medicine. Pteridophytes ferns and fern allies the plant list. Pdf aims the variability patterns of fern root characteristics have seldom. As in seed plants, the greatest diversity of pteridophytes is found in the tropics, with only about six hundred species adapted for life in temperate climates. Spore morphology and its systematic implication in pteris plos. The sexuality of pteridophytic gametophytes can be classified as follows. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information. Pdf sporophyte morphology and gametophyte development of the. Pteridophytes were dominant land plants during the carboniferous era and a major source of todays coal and oil. Pteridophyta is the most highly evolved group among the cryptogams. Haeckel 1866 called these groups of plants as pteridophytes because of their pinnate or feather like fronds leaves.
Phytochemical studies in brazilian pteridophytes soeder 1985 reported a large inventory of papers that appeared between 1966 and 1984 on the chemical constituents of pteridophytes. Ethnomedicinal uses of pteridophytes of vindhyan region m. However, the pteridophytes differ from mosses and seed plants in that both generations are independent and freeliving. Ethnomedicinal uses of pteridophytes of kumaon himalaya. Firstly all the botanists divided the plant kingdom into two large groups cryptogamia and phanerogamia, linnaeus 1754 used the term cryptogams for the first time for those plants which did not possess visible sex organs. The entire plant of this species is used as medicine in ayurveda, sidha and unani. Seed plants include the angiosperms, the conifers, and a smaller assortment of other plants. Pdf root morphology, histology and chemistry of nine fern. Most pteridophytes are terrestrial and grow in moist and shady places while some flourish well in open, dry places especially in xeric conditions. The different species of selaginella are grown as the garden plants. India abstract pteridophytic flora is the extinct members of plants groups used medicinally by aboriginals. The pteridophytes include the ferns, horsetails, and the lycophytes clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts. Giving awareness on importance of pteridophytes to extension forester of western region.
Pteridophyta characteristics, life cycle, classification. When you think of forests and woods, you can picture trees, abundant lush green ferns, and other plants. A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that reproduces using spores. Reproductive biology of pteridophytes springerlink. Molecular evolution of pteridophytes and their relationship to seed plants. Characteristics of pteridophytes, morphology of pteridophytes, reproduction of pteridophytes, homosporous and heterosporous pteridophytes, megaspore and microspores, gametophytes of pteridophytes, fertilization, zygote and embryo. The empirical basis of botanical systematics has been broadened far beyond the realm of macromorphological traits on which systematists have based their decisions for more than 200 years. These ferns, in biological terms, are nothing but the pteridophytes, belonging to the division pteridophyta of the plant kingdom. Lion panthera leo, leopard panthera pardus and tiger panthera tigris are members of the genus panthera.
Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as cryptogams, meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. Pteridophytes or pteridophyta, in the broad interpretation of the term, are vascular plants plants with xylem and phloem that reproduce and disperse via spores. Pteridophytes have evolved to fill almost every ecological niche but the greatest species diversity is clearly found in the tropical rainforest. Morphology and evolution of vascular plants 3rd ed. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are also referred to as cryptogams, meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. Most of the pteridophytes ferns and fernallies show their luxuriant and vigorous growth during the rainy season particularly in the hilly regions usually above 1400 m altitude. Ethnomedicinal uses of pteridophytes of kumaun himalaya upreti, et al. General characters with power point presentation ppt bryophytes general characters ppt mosses, liverworts and hornworts secretory tissue in plants ppt structure, classification and examples pteridospermales ppt general characteristics, classification and affinities cassava mosaic disease ppt. Botany for degree studentspteridophyta by a k sinha. Bower fo 1899 studies in the morphology of sporeproducing members iv. A few pteridophytes are aquatic while still others are epiphytes. Pteridophytes may represent the closest living relatives sister group to the seed plants.
This fern life cycle is representative of most pteridophytes. Pteridophytes are seedless and they procreate through spores. The modern classification of pteridophytes have been suggested by many scientist according to the sporne1975 pteridophytes have been classified into six classes. Similar to the life cycle of seed plants, the pteridophytes also involves the alternation of generations in its life cycle. The time period of the giant pteridophyta forests is. The remarkable adaptations of ferns to various disturbances, including their abilities to accumulate toxins in their environment, suggest an important role for ferns in conservation and restoration. Classification of pteridophytes short classification of the ferns pdf. Heterosporous megaspores important in species identifications and gametophyte development is endosporic. They formed the dominant part of the earths during palaeozoic and mesozoic periods on soral evolution. Pteridophyta objective type questions pdf download. Here we explored variability in root morphology, histology. Many pteridophytes supplement their sexual cycles with various forms of vegetative reproduction yatskievych 2003. The rapid disappearance of this biome throughout the world with many of their pteridophyte species yet undiscovered, let alone described, is of great concern.